Zopiclone | Drugs - BNF: Everything You Need to Know
Medicine / by karry smith / 64 views
Zopiclone is a popular prescription medication often used to treat short-term insomnia. It belongs to a class of drugs known as “Z-drugs,” which are prescribed for their ability to help people fall asleep faster and maintain a deep, restful sleep throughout the night. In this blog, we will cover everything you need to know about Zopiclone, including its uses, dosage, potential side effects, and how it is classified in the British National Formulary (BNF).
What is Zopiclone?
Zopiclone is a non-benzodiazepine hypnotic agent primarily used to treat sleep disorders like insomnia. Unlike benzodiazepines, Zopiclone has a different chemical structure but works similarly by enhancing the action of a neurotransmitter called gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain. This neurotransmitter slows down brain activity, which helps users fall asleep more quickly and stay asleep longer.
How Does Zopiclone Work?
Zopiclone works by targeting the GABA receptors in the brain, leading to a calming effect. It helps reduce the time it takes to fall asleep and increases the duration of sleep. It’s usually prescribed for short-term use, often for 2-4 weeks, to prevent dependence and tolerance.
Dosage and Administration
Zopiclone is available in tablet form and is usually taken before bedtime. The standard dose for adults is 7.5 mg, but for elderly patients or those with liver or kidney issues, a lower dose of 3.75 mg is often recommended. It is important to follow your doctor’s prescription carefully to avoid potential side effects or complications.
Potential Side Effects
Like all medications, Zopiclone can cause side effects, although not everyone experiences them. Common side effects include:
Drowsiness and dizziness: These are the most frequent side effects and can affect your ability to drive or operate machinery.
Bitter taste: Some people report a metallic or bitter taste in their mouth after taking Zopiclone.
Dry mouth: This can be uncomfortable but usually subsides with time.
Headache: Mild headaches can occur but are generally temporary.
Serious side effects like memory problems, mood changes, or signs of allergic reactions are rare but require immediate medical attention.
Precautions and Contraindications
Before taking Zopiclone, it’s crucial to inform your doctor about any existing health conditions, especially:
Liver or kidney disease
Respiratory issues
History of substance abuse or addiction
Mental health conditions like depression
Zopiclone should not be used with alcohol or other sedative medications as it can increase the risk of severe drowsiness, breathing problems, or even overdose.
Zopiclone and the British National Formulary (BNF)
The British National Formulary (BNF) is a comprehensive guide that provides healthcare professionals with detailed information about medicines prescribed in the UK. It includes data on indications, dosages, contraindications, and potential side effects of various drugs, including Zopiclone. In the BNF, Zopiclone is listed as a Schedule 4 controlled substance, meaning it has a potential for abuse and dependence but is widely used under medical supervision.
Alternatives to Zopiclone
If Zopiclone isn’t suitable for you due to side effects or interactions with other medications, your doctor may recommend alternatives such as:
Temazepam: A benzodiazepine often used for short-term relief of insomnia.
Melatonin: A natural hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles, often used as a sleep aid.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I): A non-drug treatment option that focuses on changing sleep habits and behaviours.
Conclusion
Zopiclone can be an effective solution for those struggling with short-term insomnia, but it should be used cautiously and under strict medical supervision due to the risk of dependency and side effects. If you are considering using Zopiclone or any other sleep aid, consult your healthcare provider for the best course of treatment tailored to your needs.
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